#IVF

What is blastocyst culture and transfer?

In the process of IVF (in-vitro fertilization), the embryo develops and is then transferred to the uterus. Traditionally, this embryo is transferred after 2 to 3 days, but nowadays, with an advanced technique known as 'blastocyst culture and transfer,' the embryo is transferred on the 5th or 6th day, significantly increasing the chances of success. Let's explore in detail what a blastocyst is, how this process works, and what advantages it offers.

What is a blastocyst?

In the process of becoming a fetus, the cellular group formed after the fertilization of the egg and sperm continues to divide.

Day 1–3: The embryo divides into 2, 4, and 8 cells – this is called the Cleavage Stage.

Day 5–6: The embryo reaches a special stage called blastocyst.

It is composed of about 100–150 cells and is ready to be successfully implanted in the uterus.

What is blastocyst culture?

When the embryo matures in the IVF laboratory under special conditions until the fifth or sixth day, it is referred to as blastocyst culture. This requires a high-quality laboratory and embryologists.

How is the blastocyst transfer process carried out?

1. Women are given hormonal injections and eggs are retrieved.

2. The egg is fertilized by the sperm.

3. The embryo is kept in the lab for 5-6 days so that it can develop to the blastocyst stage.

4. One or more high-quality blastocysts are transferred to the woman's uterus.

5. A pregnancy test is done after 12–14 days.

Benefits of Blastocyst Transfer

Better selection: Only those embryos that survive until the 5th day are more capable. This increases the chances of successful implantation.

High success rate: According to research, the success rate of blastocyst transfer is higher than that of regular transfer.

Possibility of single embryo transfer: A single embryo transfer can be successful due to better quality embryos - this reduces the risk of twin pregnancies.

Suitable for PGD/PGS testing: Blastocyst is ideal for genetic screening (PGT).

Is there any risk in blastocyst transfer?

Not all embryos reach day 5 – which may limit options for transfer.

There is a need for advanced labs and experienced staff.

Sometimes the transfer cannot happen if no embryo develops into a blastocyst.

Therefore, the decision for this option is made by an experienced fertility specialist according to medical conditions.

Conclusion

The culture and transfer of blastocysts is a modern and successful technique of IVF that can significantly increase the chances of conception. It is particularly beneficial for couples who have already attempted unsuccessful IVF cycles or who want to achieve better results.